How the number is worked out
Reserve first, pay second:
reserve target = monthly expenses x buffer months reserve set-aside = shortfall vs target / 6 months pay yourself = monthly profit − reserve set-aside survival buffer = cash / (expenses + your pay)
The order is the whole method. Most owner-pay advice starts from what you need and hopes the business can carry it; this starts from what the business needs and pays you from what remains. The JPMorgan Chase Institute found the median small business holds only 27 days of cash buffer, which is why the reserve goes first: a business with no buffer turns every slow month into a personal pay cut.
The last line is the honest cost of the decision. Your pay is an expense like any other, and the survival buffer is the same arithmetic as a startup's runway: cash divided by what a month costs. The mechanics of actually moving the money, draws, payroll, distributions, entity by entity, are in how to pay yourself as a business owner, and if you run a funded startup, the stage-based framework is in founder salary: how much to pay yourself.